Kola study: Difference between revisions
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The Kola study refers to archaeological research of the Belzec camp conducted in the late 1990s. The head of the Polish archaeological team was Andrzej Kola. Historians Robin O’Neil and Michael Tregenza also participated. | The Kola study refers to archaeological research of the Belzec camp conducted in the late 1990s. The head of the Polish archaeological team was Andrzej Kola. Historians Robin O’Neil and Michael Tregenza also participated. | ||
The archaeological work was conducted during the following periods. | The archaeological work was conducted during the following periods. | ||
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A core sampling method was used. Samples were taken at 5 meter intervals. A manual drill was used, around 6-8 meters long, and 65 mm in diameter. | A core sampling method was used. Samples were taken at 5 meter intervals. A manual drill was used, around 6-8 meters long, and 65 mm in diameter. | ||
In total, 2,227 core samples were taken. The Kola team reportedly found human remains in 236 samples. Most samples indicated undisturbed, natural strata. Kola published the results in 2000 in both Polish and English | In total, 2,227 core samples were taken. The Kola team reportedly found human remains in 236 samples. Most samples indicated undisturbed, natural strata. Kola published the results in 2000 in both the original Polish and in a poorly translated English version, although the book has never been widely available and can only be found in select university or research libraries. | ||
*Hitlerowski obóz zagłady Żydów w Bełżcu w świetle źródeł archeologicznych. Badania 1997-1999 | *"Hitlerowski obóz zagłady Żydów w Bełżcu w świetle źródeł archeologicznych. Badania 1997-1999" | ||
*Bełżec: The Nazi Camp for Jews in the Light of Archeological Sources: Excavations 1997-1999 | *"Bełżec: The Nazi Camp for Jews in the Light of Archeological Sources: Excavations 1997-1999" | ||
The published results present drawings of 137 of the 236 samples identified as positive for human remains. | The published results present drawings of 137 of the 236 samples identified as positive for human remains. | ||
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The Kola team estimated 33 mass graves, with the number, boundaries, and dimensions being extrapolated from the core samples. | The Kola team estimated 33 mass graves, with the number, boundaries, and dimensions being extrapolated from the core samples. | ||
Ten of the graves reportedly contained human corpses. These were graves 1, 3, 4, 10, 13, 20, 25, 27, 28, 32. | |||
==Supplements== | ==Supplements== | ||
Revision as of 20:41, 16 November 2024
The Kola study refers to archaeological research of the Belzec camp conducted in the late 1990s. The head of the Polish archaeological team was Andrzej Kola. Historians Robin O’Neil and Michael Tregenza also participated.
The archaeological work was conducted during the following periods.
- October 12-25, 1997
- April 27-June 6, 1998
- October 25-November 14, 1998
- September 12-25, 1999
Method and Publication
A core sampling method was used. Samples were taken at 5 meter intervals. A manual drill was used, around 6-8 meters long, and 65 mm in diameter.
In total, 2,227 core samples were taken. The Kola team reportedly found human remains in 236 samples. Most samples indicated undisturbed, natural strata. Kola published the results in 2000 in both the original Polish and in a poorly translated English version, although the book has never been widely available and can only be found in select university or research libraries.
- "Hitlerowski obóz zagłady Żydów w Bełżcu w świetle źródeł archeologicznych. Badania 1997-1999"
- "Bełżec: The Nazi Camp for Jews in the Light of Archeological Sources: Excavations 1997-1999"
The published results present drawings of 137 of the 236 samples identified as positive for human remains.
Details of the Graves
The Kola team estimated 33 mass graves, with the number, boundaries, and dimensions being extrapolated from the core samples.
Ten of the graves reportedly contained human corpses. These were graves 1, 3, 4, 10, 13, 20, 25, 27, 28, 32.
Supplements
Map of Kola Samples
The Kola Graves
| # | Dimensions [m] | Depth [m] | Surface [m²] | Est’d. volume [m³] |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 40×12 | 4.80 | 480 | 1,500 |
| 2 | 14×6 | 2.00 | 84 | 170 |
| 3 | 16×15 | 5.00 | 240 | 960 |
| 4 | 16×6 | 2.30 | 96 | 250 |
| 5 | 32×10 | 4.50 | 320 | 1,350 |
| 6 | 30×10 | 4.00 | 300 | 1,200 |
| 7 | 13–14×27 | 4.50 | 364.5 | 1,600 |
| 8 | 28×10 | 4.00 | 280 | 850 |
| 9 | 8×10 | 3.80 | 80 | 280 |
| 10 | 24×18 | 4.25–5.20 | 432 | 2,100 |
| 11 | 9×5 | 1.90 | 45 | 80 |
| 12 | 6×16×11.5×18 | 4.00 | ~132 | 400 |
| 13 | 12.50×11×17×18 | 4.80 | ~200 | 920 |
| 14 | 37×10 | 5.00 | 370 | 1,850 |
| 15 | 13.50×6.50 | 4.50 | 87.75 | 400 |
| 16 | 18.50×9.50 | 4.00 | 175.75 | 700 |
| 17 | 17×7.50 | 4.00 | 127.5 | 500 |
| 18 | 16×9 | 4.00 | 144 | 570 |
| 19 | 12×12 | 4.00 | 144 | 500 |
| 20 | 26×11 | 5.00 | 286 | 1,150 |
| 21 | 5×5 | 1.70 | 25 | 35 |
| 22 | 9×15 | 3.50 | 135 | 200 |
| 23 | 16×8.50 | 4.00 | 136 | 550 |
| 24 | 20×5.50 | 5.00 | 110 | 520 |
| 25 | 13×5 | 4.00 | 65 | 250 |
| 26 | 13×7 | 4.00 | 91 | 320 |
| 27 | 18.50×6.00 | 5.00 | 111 | 450 |
| 28 | ? | ? | ~17.5 | 70 |
| 29 | 25×9 | 4.50 | 225 | 900 |
| 30 | 5×6 | 2.70 | 30 | 75 |
| 31 | 9×4 | 2.60 | 36 | 90 |
| 32 | 15×5 | 4.00 | 75 | 400 |
| 33 | 9×5 | 3.00 | 45 | 120 |
| Total: | 5,490 | 21,310 |